018- SHARUDDAN SALLAH

Gabatarwa: Abinda ake nufi da sharadi anan shine: wadansu abubuwa da musulunci ya gicciyasu da sai sun samu kafin ai hukunci akan sallar ta yi ko bata yi ba, kenan wadannan abubuwa ana bukatar duk wanda yake musulmine ya tabbatar da sun cika kafin fara sallah.

Karkasuwa Sharuddan Sallah:

Sharuddan sallah sun kasu kashi biyu, akwai wadanda ake kira da 'Sharuddan Wajibci' akwai kuma wadanda ake kira da 'Sharuddan Inganci'.

Kashi Na Daya: Sharuddan Wajibci: Abinda ake nufi da sharuddan wajibci shine, su wadannan sharuddai duk wanda ya cika su to sallah ta zama wajibi akanshi, idan ya kuskura ya batta to ya jefa kanshi cikin mummunan hatsari, sune kamar haka:

1.Hankali: Dukkan wanda yake da hankali ya ci sharadi na farko daga cikin sharuddan wajibcin sallah, domin samuwar hankali al'amarine da musulunci yake lura da shi kafin dora hukunci, kenan mahaukaci ko mahaukaciya sallah bata wajaba akan kowannensuba, kuma koda ya yi bata yi ba.

2. Musulunci: Kenan dukkan wanda ba musulmibane koda ya yi sallah sallar bata yi ba, domin babban abinda ake nema daga gareshi shine musulunci tukunna. Malamai sun karawa juna sani akan sallar ta wajaba akanshi ko bata wajababa?, Magana ta farko cewar bata wajababa domin abinda ya wajaba akanshi a daidai wannan lokaci shine ya yi musulunci. Magana ta biyu kuma sallar ta wajaba akanshi amma koda ya yi ba za'a karbaba domin bai cika sharadiba, kuma in ya isa alkiyama sai an yi mishi azabar kin yin musulunci da kuma azabar ki yin sallah, Allah mun gode maka da ka yi mu musulmai, ya Allah ka dauki rayuwar mu muna musulmai.

3. Balaga: Idan mutum ya balaga mace ko namiji to sallah ta wajaba akanshi, babu wanda yace sai ya yi aure ko sai ta yi aure, amma irin halin da samari da 'yanmata suke shiga na rashin kula da sallah wai sai an yi aure wannan jefa kaine cikin mummunan hatsari, kuma mun yi magana akan alamomin balaga a bayanan da suka wuce. Idan yaro bai balagaba ya yi sallah sallar ta yi kuma akwai lada akai, idan bamu manta ba ai ma'aikin Allah tsira da amincin Allah su tabbata a gareshi ya ce ''Ku umarci yaranku da sallah tun suna shekara bakwai, kuma ku dakke su akan ta idan sun kai shekara goma''. Abu Daud: 495, Tirmizi:407. Amma mu yanzu muna Magana ne akan lokacin da sallar zata zama wajibi akansu ance su tashi su yi ko ba'ace ba.

4. Shigar Lokaci: Idan lokacin bai shigaba sallah bata wajababa kuma koda mutum ya yi ta bata yi ba, saboda Allah madaukakin sarki ya sanyama kowacce sallah lokaci, bai yadda ayi ta kafin lokacinba, hakanan kuma bai yadda abari har lokacin ya fita batare da an yi ta ba, bayanai na musamman zasu zo akan abinda ya shafi lokutan sallah da izinin Allah.

5. Isar Kiran Ma'aikin Allah: (Tsira da amincin Allah su tabbata a gareshi), kenan wadanda labarin ma'aikin Allah bai kai musuba kwatakwata to wadannan sallah bata wajaba akansuba, saidai akwai maganganun malamai akan hakan, kamar yadda bayanai suka gabata akan wanda ba musulmiba.

6. Tsarkaka Daga Jinin Al'ada/Biki: Ya kasance tana cikin tsarki, kenan idan tana al'ada ko biki sallah bata wajaba akantaba, kuma ko ta yi sallar bata yiba, kuma ta yi laifi sai ta nemi gafarar Allah.

  Wadannan sune sharuddan da idan mutum ya cika su to sallah ta zama wajibi akanshi.

 Kashi Na Biyu: Sharuddan Inganci: Wadannan sune sharuddan da idan mutum ya cika su ne za'a ce sallar shi ta yi, amma idan bai cika su ba kaitsaye zaka ce sallar shi bata yi ba.

1. Tsarki: Dolene masallaci mace ko namiji ya tabbatar da tsarkin jikinsa da kuma tufafin da zai yi sallah da shi, sannan ya tabbatar da tsarkin wurin da zai yi sallar, idan mutum ya yi sallah da najasa a jikinsa ko a tufafinsa ko kuma a wurin da ya yi sallar yana sane kuma yana da ikon ya gusar da ita amma bai gusar da najasar ba to sallar shi bata yi ba, dirkashi!, saudayawa mata suna sallah da zanin da yara suka yi fitsari sai suce ai sallar maigoyo Allah ne ke karbarta ai hakama ta mara goyon Allah ne ke karbarta amma ta sani sallarta bata yi ba.

   Ya kamata mu yi la'akari da wadansu kalmomi biyu da muka yi anmafani da su wato ' Yana sane' da 'Yanada ikon gusar da ita'. Idan ya manta kwatakwata da najasar a jikinsa ko tufafinsa ko kuma wurin day a yi sallar, sai daga baya ya tuna to idan lokacin sallar bai fitaba sai ya sake sallar, idan kuma lokacin sallar ya wuce shikenan ba komai akansa, misali a sallar azahar hakan ya faru amma bai tunaba sai bayan sallar magariba, kaga anan shikenan ba komai akan shi.

   Amma idan mutum ya shiga wani hali da ba zai iya gusar da najasarba kamar ace an kulleshi kuma gashi jikinsa da tufafinsa duk suna da najasa, wannan ba komai akansa sai ya yi sallar a yadda ya samu kanshi, haka namma koda yana da janaba bai sami yadda zai yi wanka ba, Ya Allah kakubutar da dukkan wani musulmi da yake cikin mawuyacin hali, amin.

   Idan mutum yana da janaba a jikinsa amma ya manta bai yi wankaba sai bayan ya yi sallah kuma lokacin sallar ma ya wuce sannan ya tuna to wannan sai ya sake wadannan sallolin da ya yi da janaba, idan kuma ya yi limanci a cikinsu to ba abinda ya shafi sallolin mamun.

2. Fuskantar Alkibla: Sharadine daga cikin sharuddan sallah kafin ka yi ta Allah ya karba saika fuskanci alkibla, yana dakyau mufahimci me ake nufi 'Alkibla' akace, ba'ace gabas ko yammaba kudu ko arewaba, a'a cewa akayi alkibla, abinda ake nufi Ka'abah, dukkan wanda yake ganin Ka'aba to ba'ace ya kallaci ko inaba sai asalin ita Ka'abar kai tsaye, amma mutumin da yake wajen inda Ka'abar take to zai kallaci inda Ka'abar take, shi kuma mutumin dake wajan birnin makkah zai kallaci jihar da Ka'abar take, wannan yasa mu da muke Nigeria muke kallon gabas domin nannce jihar da Ka'aba take a garemu, wanda yake inda za'aka madina ko ingila ko amurka ko Pakistan ko wasu kasashen afrika abin zai zama ba hakabane. Ko da kuna kikin birnin makkah ba lalle bane mutanan waccan unguwa alkiblarsu da taza daya da wadanda ke waccan unguwa, saboda koda kana birnin makkah sai kaje wata unguwar da ba takuba to kamata yayi ka yi tambaya inace alkibla, haka nan kuma ko tafiya ka yi daga garunku zuwa wani garin ya kamata kayi tambaya kuma musulmi zaka tambaya kafin ka fara sallah, domin wani lokaci sai mutum yadan rikice musamman a sallar magariba da isha da kuma asuba, adansu Otel akansa alamar kibiya da take nuna inda alkibla take.

  Alkibla itace inda Allah ya yi umarni da a fuskanta alokacin da mutum zai yi sallah, sai dai ida mutum yana cikin wani mawuyacin hali kamar gudun kwatar rai ruwa ya biyosu aguje ko wuta ko namun daji ko 'yanfashi dadai sauransu to duk inda suka fuskanta nance alkiblar sai su yi sallah a hali na wannan gudu da suke yi ba sai sun nemi alkiblaba.

  Maralafiya dab a zai iya juyawa ya fuskanci alkiblaba kuma babu wanda zai fuskantar da shi alkibar sai ya yi sallah a haka, wanda kuma aka daureshi ko gini ya rufto mishi shima sai ya yi sallar ahakan, anan fuskantar alkiblar aka dauke mishi ba sallar ba, ba'a daukewa mutum sallah muddin yana cikin hankalinshi.

   Idan mutum ya yi ikar kokarinsa domin ya tabbatar da alkibla sai kuma bayan ya yi sallar sai ta bayyana agareshi ai ba alkibla ya kallaba a sallar da ya yi to anan idan lokcin sallar bai wuce ya samu ya sake sallar idan kuma ya wuce shi kenan ba komai akanshi.

3. Suturce Al'aura: Dolene kafin sallar masallci ta yi ya zamana ya suturce al'aurarsa bakidaya da tufafi mai kauri wanda bayanuna tsiraici, domin wani tufafin sharasha yake kai kace ba abinda yake boyewa, wannan kuma ya shafi maza kuma ya shafi mata. Al'aurar namiji itace daga cibiyarshi zuwa gyaiwa, ya tabbata ba inda ya bayyana alokacin da yake sallah na wadannan wurare, amma irin rigar da samari suke sawa ta yadda idan suka yi ruku'i sai gadan bayansu ya bayyana wani lokaci ma har sai tsagin duburar su ya banna wannan yana da matukar hatsari ga sallar su.

   Al'aurar mace kuwa shine dukkan jikinta. Malamai sun karawa juna sani akan tafukan hannu da kuma fuska, kenan ya zama dole mace ta tabbata ta rufe dukkan jikinta. Imamut Tirmizi yana cewa:

    ''Malamai sun tafine kuma akanshi suke aiki cewa idan mace ta kawo girma sannan ta yi sallah wani abu na al'aurarta yana bude to sallarta bata yi ba.''

   kama daga sangalin hannu da kwaurin kafa da ko'ina, domin sai ta yi hakane za'a ce ta rufa al'aurarta, wannan kuma ya shafi 'yammata da matan aure da zawarawa domin dayawa mata suna banbanta abinda Allah bai banbantaba, sannan kuma suturar ta zama mai kauri ba mai shara-sharaba.

   Wanda ya kasance tufafin da zai yi sallah da shi yana da najasa kuma bai sami waniba, sannan kuma bai sami rowan da zai wanke najasar ba, ko bai sami wanda zai sa ba kafin ya wanke wannan sai ya yi sallah da shi hakanan da najasar, kwatakwata bai halatta mutum ya bar sallah ta wuce ba saboda bashi da tsarki duk wanda ya yi to ya bawa Allah madaukakin sarki.

   Idan kuma mutum ne bai sami tufafin da zai suturta al'aurarsa da shi ba watakila an taure shi ne tsirara sai ya yi sallah hakanan, ba tare da suturarba, Allah ya sawwake.

   Shar'a ta kyamaci mutum ya yi sallah da dogon wando kadai ba tare da ya sanya rigaba, wai yana ganin ai ya janyo wandon ya rufe masa cibiya.

4. Barin Ayyuka Masu Yawa: Baya cikin tsari na wanda yasan sallah ace yana sallar yana wadansu ayyuka, domin yin hakan yana bata sallah sai dai idan hakan yamana kadanne, kamar kashe waya kana cikin sallah sai aka kiraka sai ka dakko wayar ka kashe, ko ka ji an kira wani sai hakan ya tuna maka baka kashe ta ka ba, sai ka dakko ka kashe, wadannan ayyuka basa bata sallah sai dai suna rage lada.

5. Barin Magana: Duk mutumin ana sallah yana Magana da gangan to wannan bashi da sallah domin ya rasa sharadi daga cikin sharuddan ingancin sallah.

   Kammalawa:

Daga wadannan bayanai da suka gabata ya kara tabbata a garemu cewar itafa sallah wata ibadace da Allah madaukakin sarki ya zabeta kuma ya girmamata ya sanya mata falala masu tarin yawa, ya isa sallah falala cewa ita rukunice daga cikin rukunan sallah, amma duk da haka sauke wannan wajibci na sallah ba zai tabbata sai mutum ya cika wadannan tukunna, ashe al'amarin sallah al'amarine mai girman gaske, Allah ya yi mana jagora.

Aliyu Muhammad Sadisu,

 Minna Jahar  Neja, Nijeriya.

 Za'a iya tuntuba a (+234)08064022965,

ko kuma a: e-mail:aliyusadis@gmail.com

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